Irfan Habib on Unscientific Approach Towards History and Losing Space of Dissent | NewsClick
15 Sunday Nov 2015
Posted in Current Affairs, Left politics
15 Sunday Nov 2015
Posted in Current Affairs, Left politics
15 Sunday Nov 2015
Posted in Current Affairs, Left politics
15 Sunday Nov 2015
Posted in BJP, Communalism, Current Affairs
देश विभाजन के काफी पहले ही गांधीजी को मारने की साजिश रची गई थी।

( Photo by Mondadori Portfolio via Getty Images, Courtesy – blogs.timesofindia.indiatimes.com
हिन्दू महासभा ने 15 नवंबर को बलिदान दिवस मनाने का फैसला किया है। इस दिन महात्मा गांधी के हत्यारे नाथूराम गोडसे को फांसी हुई थी। पिछले साल हिन्दू महासभा ने देश भर में नाथूराम गोडसे के मंदिरों का निर्माण करने का ऐलान किया था। काफी हो-हल्ला मचने के बाद यह अभियान रुक गया। इस बार केंद्र सरकार हिन्दू महासभा के प्रति क्या रुख अख्तियार करती है, यह देखना दिलचस्प रहेगा। महात्मा गांधी की हत्या को लेकर एक बात अक्सर कही जाती है कि नाथूराम गोडसे गांधीजी से नाराज था, क्योंकि गांधीजी ने देश का बंटवारा होने दिया और वह पाकिस्तान को पचपन करोड़ रुपये देने की बात किया करते थे।
दरअसल इन दो तथ्यों की आड़ में उस लंबी साजिश पर पर्दा डाला जाता है जो हिन्दूवादी संगठनों ने रची थी। सचाई यह है कि गांधीजी को मारने की कोशिशें विभाजन के काफी पहले से शुरू हो गई थीं। आखिरी ‘सफल’ कोशिश के पहले उन पर चार बार हमले के प्रयास किए गए। चुन्नी भाई वैद्य जैसे सर्वोदयी के मुताबिक हिन्दूवादी संगठनों ने कुल छह बार उन्हें मारने की कोशिश की, जब न पाकिस्तान अस्तित्व में था और न ही पचपन करोड़ का मसला आया था। पिछले दिनों गांधीजी की हत्या पर ‘बियॉन्ड डाउट: ए डॉशियर ऑन गांधीज असेसिनेशन’ नाम से लेखों का संकलन (संपादन: तीस्ता सीतलवाड) प्रकाशित हुआ है, जो इस मामले की कई पर्ते खोलता है।
हमलों का सिलसिला
गांधीजी को मारने का पहला प्रयास पुणे में 25 जून 1934 को हुआ, जब वह कॉरपोरेशन के सभागार में भाषण देने जा रहे थे। कस्तूरबा गांधी उनके साथ थीं। इत्तेफाक से गांधी जिस कार में जा रहे थे, उसमें कोई खराबी आ गई और उन्हें पहुंचने में विलंब हो गया। उनके काफिले में शामिल अन्य गाड़ियां जब सभास्थल पर पहुंचीं, तब उन पर बम फेंका गया। (देखें, ‘प्रिजर्विंग द ट्रूथ बिहाइंड गांधीज मर्डर, द हिन्दू, 21 जून 2015)। बापू को मारने की दूसरी कोशिश में नाथूराम गोडसे भी शामिल था। मई 1944 की बात है। गांधी उस वक्त पंचगणी की यात्रा कर रहे थे। एक चार्टर्ड बस में सवार 15-20 युवकों का जत्था वहां पहुंचा। उन्होंने गांधी के खिलाफ दिन भर प्रदर्शन किया, मगर जब गांधी ने उन्हें बात करने के लिए बुलाया वे नहीं आए। शाम के वक्त प्रार्थना सभा में हाथ में खंजर लिए नाथूराम गांधीजी की तरफ भागा, जहां उसे पकड़ लिया गया। सितंबर 1944 में जब जिन्ना के साथ गांधीजी की वार्ता शुरू हुई, तब उन्हें मारने की तीसरी कोशिश हुई। सेवाग्राम आश्रम से निकलकर गांधीजी मुंबई जा रहे थे, तब नाथूराम की अगुआई में अतिवादी हिन्दू युवकों ने उन्हें रोकने की कोशिश की। उस वक्त भी नाथूराम के कब्जे से एक खंजर बरामद हुआ था। गांधीजी को मारने की चौथी कोशिश (20 जनवरी 1948) में लगभग वही समूह शामिल था, जिसने अंतत: 30 जनवरी को उनकी हत्या की। इसमें शामिल था मदनलाल पाहवा, शंकर किस्तैया, दिगम्बर बड़गे, विष्णु करकरे, गोपाल गोडसे, नाथूराम गोडसे और नारायण आपटे। योजना बनी थी कि महात्मा गांधी और हुसैन शहीद सुहरावर्दी पर हमला किया जाए। इस असफल प्रयास में मदनलाल पाहवा ने बिड़ला भवन स्थित मंच के पीछे की दीवार पर कपड़े में लपेट कर बम रखा था, जहां उन दिनों गांधी रुके थे। बम धमाका हुआ, मगर कोई दुर्घटना नहीं हुई, और पाहवा पकड़ा गया। समूह में शामिल अन्य लोग जिन्हें बाद के कोलाहल में गांधी पर गोलियां चलानी थीं, अचानक डर गए और उन्होंने कुछ नहीं किया।
उन्हें मारने की आखिरी कोशिश 30 जनवरी को शाम पांच बज कर 17 मिनट पर हुई जब नाथूराम गोडसे ने उन्हें सामने से आकर तीन गोलियां मारीं। उनकी हत्या में शामिल सभी लोग पकड़े गए। उन पर मुकदमा चला और उन्हें सजा हुई। नाथूराम गोडसे और नारायण आपटे को सजा-ए-मौत दी गई (15 नवंबर 1949) जबकि अन्य को उम्रकैद की सजा हुई। आरएसएस से नाथूराम गोडसे के संबंध का मसला अभी भी सुलझा नहीं है। दरअसल गांधीजी की हत्या की चर्चा जब भी छिड़ती है, आरएसएस और उसके आनुषंगिक संगठन गोडसे और उसके आतंकी गिरोह को लेकर अगर-मगर करने लगते हैं। एक तरफ वे यह दिखाना चाहते हैं कि गांधीजी की हत्या में शामिल लोगों का संघ से कोई ताल्लुक नहीं था। साथ ही वे इस बात को भी रेखांकित करना नहीं भूलते कि किस तरह गांधीजी के कदमों ने लोगों में निराशा पैदा की थी। यानी वे हत्या को जायज ठहराते हुए उससे पल्ला झाड़ने की भी कोशिश करते हैं।
देश के तत्कालीन गृह मंत्री वल्लभभाई पटेल ने श्यामाप्रसाद मुखर्जी को लिखा:
‘हमारी रिपोर्टें इस बात को पुष्ट करती हैं कि इन दो संगठनों की गतिविधियों के चलते खासकर राष्ट्रीय स्वयंसेवक संघ के चलते मुल्क में एक ऐसा वातावरण बना जिसमें ऐसी त्रासदी (गांधीजी की हत्या) मुमकिन हो सकी। मेरे मन में इस बात के प्रति तनिक संदेह नहीं कि इस षडयंत्र में हिन्दू महासभा का अतिवादी हिस्सा शामिल था। राष्ट्रीय स्वयंसेवक संघ की गतिविधियां सरकार एवं राज्य के अस्तित्व के लिए खतरा हैं…।’ (18 जुलाई 1948)
संघ का साथ
गोडसे से जुड़े लोग, जो खुद गांधीजी की हत्या की साजिश में शामिल थे, इस मुद्दे पर अलग ढंग से सोचते हैं। अपनी किताब ‘मैंने महात्मा गांधी को क्यों मारा’ (1993) में नाथूराम गोडसे के छोटे भाई गोपाल गोडसे ने लिखा है: ‘उसने (नाथूराम) अपने बयान में कहा था कि उसने राष्ट्रीय स्वयंसेवक संघ को छोड़ा था। उसने यह बात इस वजह से कही क्योंकि गोलवलकर और राष्ट्रीय स्वयंसेवक संघ गांधी की हत्या के बाद बहुत परेशानी में थे। मगर यह बात सही है कि उसने संघ नहीं छोड़ा था।’अंग्रेजी पत्रिका फ्रंटलाइन को दिए साक्षात्कार (जनवरी 28, 1994, अरविन्द राजगोपाल) में गोपाल गोडसे ने वही बात दोहराई थी। संघ के लोग शायद ही इस बात को स्वीकार करेंगे।
( First Published in ‘Navbharat Times’ 13 th November 2015, http://blogs.navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/nbteditpage/entry/hate-to-mahatma-and-love-with-godse)
14 Saturday Nov 2015
Posted in BJP, Current Affairs
In the 1962 elections, the Jana Sangh spread rumours that Nehru used to go to the Ashoka hotel to eat beef and posters were put up in Delhi showing him with a sword in his hand leading cows to slaughter.
Source: A Lesson in Political Leadership From One Prime Minister to Another | The Wire
14 Saturday Nov 2015
Posted in BJP, Current Affairs
While Modi’s visit to Britain was largely routine, that of President Xi of China had clearly defined economic and strategic goals
Source: A Lot of Pomp And Show But Little Strategic Content | The Wire
14 Saturday Nov 2015
Posted in Current Affairs, International
Latest coverage of the attacks across Paris that have left at least 120 people dead
14 Saturday Nov 2015
Posted in BJP, Current Affairs, Opinion
Coverage of Narendra Modi’s visit to the UK has highlighted his ability to divide and arouse hatred.
Source: No Modi mania, only Modi phobia
14 Saturday Nov 2015
Posted in Current Affairs, Economics
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The international crude oil price of Indian Basket as computed/published today by Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell (PPAC) under the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas was US$ 42.41 per barrel (bbl) on 12.11.2015. This was lower than the price of US$ 43.78 per bbl on previous publishing day of 11.11.2015.
In rupee terms, the price of Indian Basket decreased to Rs 2813.92 per bbl on 12.11.2015 as compared to Rs 2904.49 per bbl on 11.11.2015. Rupee closed at Rs 66.35 per US$ on 12.11.2015.
14 Saturday Nov 2015
Posted in Current Affairs, International, Left politics
Statement of the Central Committee of the PCP, of November 8, 2015
The PCP’s Central Committee, meeting in the November 8, 2015, examined the developments of the resulting policy framework of the 4 October elections and economic and social situation that the workers and the people are confronted; identified the development of the mass struggle as a central element to ensure rising living standards and emphasized the strategic importance of strengthening implementation of the Party lines, its connection with the masses and immediate political tasks, including the presidential elections
I
The Central Committee denounces the deplorable attitude of the President who took over as representative of the PSD and CDS-PP and representative of the interests of big business deciding, in defiance of the hearing to the parties in parliament supported the inference, the nomination of PSD leader as prime minister.
The intervention Cavaco Silva is another example of the assumed confrontation with the Portuguese Constitution that has characterized his political career and his presidential mandates, undermining the foundations of democracy and exposing the country to an attitude of humiliating foreign subservience.
The intervention Cavaco Silva is associated with the development of a brutal ideological offensive last month, from various players and taking various forms, placed at the center of its action the attack on the CFP and the use of blackmail, to fear, lies and demagoguery.
The Central Committee does not recognize the Cavaco Silva nor political legitimacy or democratic dimension to elaborate about the role and the way the CFP as unavoidable Party in the establishment of democratic rule in Portuguese democracy and national political life and condemns their attitude support for a government and a policy that both trail of destruction has left the country.
What is the current situation reveals the real unemployment reaching over one million one hundred thousand Portuguese; that the new contracts of employment, 80% are poor; the harsh reality of workers for others and in particular the 20% who earn a salary less than the national minimum wage; the overwhelming majority of reforms to lower poverty line; cutting, according to the data of budget implementation, in expenditure on social benefits of EUR 520 million in the first nine months of 2015; the two million eight hundred thousand Portuguese at risk of poverty, according to INE data; the high degree of weakening of the productive apparatus and increasing dominance of strategic decision centers by foreign; a six production breaks and a half percentage points that neither in 2017 will be restored; a fall in global investment of 30% and 50% in public investment with heavy and serious future consequences; the unsustainable public debt; the huge scam the promised return of 35.3% of the IRS surcharge and the prospect of new and substantial support to the bank.
The Central Committee denounced also the illegitimate and abusive decision of limited government to the current management to involve the state as a guarantor of debts that may result from ruinous delivery process of TAP to big business. It should also be noted as promiscuity level developer with monopoly capital that the former Secretary of State for Transport, who led the concession and privatization processes of companies in this sector have now been hired by the Bank of Portugal to drive the delivery of the New Bank.
Ignoring the serious structural problems of the country that continue insisting on the misconception that their policy has led to an economic recovery path, repeating empty proclamations regarding solving social problems such as unemployment or poverty and seeking to evade the reality of growing difficulties that reach workers and the people, that the government PSD / CDS-PP presents is the prospect of continuing and intensifying the policy that worsened the exploitation and impoverishment, deepened injustice and inequality and imposed the degradation of democracy.
PSD and CDS-PP still seek to redeem themselves themselves from electoral defeat they suffered integrating in the Government Programme measures and promises aimed at creating the illusion that now would be able and willing to reverse the direction of its policy by reversing some of the decisions that hit the workers and the people over the past four years.
However, confirming the objective of PSD and CDS-PP continue their policy of exploitation and impoverishment, the Government Programme confirms the many compelling reasons for the Government PSD / CDS-PP does not come into functions, not only for losses It has caused but also by those who wanted to continue to cause the workers, the people and the country.
The Central Committee of PCP reaffirms the decision to file a motion rejecting the Government Programme PSD / CDS-PP.
5.The Central Committee of the PCP stresses the importance of the new balance of power in parliament and the potential that can act to address the most urgent problems affecting the workers and peoples. The Central Committee emphasizes that there is no maneuvers they can dodge the heavy defeat of the PSD and CDS-PP, the good result obtained by the CDU and the affirmation of the role and initiative of the Portuguese Communist Party which was confirmed as an irreplaceable force for present and future of the country.
II
The effort made from the PSD / CDS-PP coalition, the set of commentators at your service and the mainstream media, to present as winners defeated in elections, succumbed to the initiative of the CFP that since 4 October, stressed that PSD and CDS-PP were unable to alone, pursue the resulting national disaster policy of your government action over the past four years. Initiative also revealed and in all its dimensions, which the PCP said in response to that reduced the election to a false contention for Prime Minister for the political party or government, ie: what truly decide on elections for the National Assembly is the number of seats that each political force elected, parliamentary majorities that are formed in the National Assembly, the institutional base that is created to support a particular policy and the government can take office.
The PCP took the initiative and pointed out the need to extract political and institutional consequences of the election results. The sentence imposed on the coalition PSD / CDS-PP was not only a defeat of his government, was also its policy. This change was the requirement of expression of national political life that the PCP said. It was, and is, the expectation of a policy able to ensure economic development, return stolen income and rights, valuing salaries and pensions, promote employment and combat injustice, restore the full right to health and education, ensuring sound social security and higher levels of social protection, ensure quality public services, workers and the people they aspire to see realized.
The new political and institutional reality arising from the elections and the desire for change expressed by the people put it, and puts the requirement and responsibility to ensure the interruption of the path pursued by the previous government. It is this responsibility that is imposed materialize.
But also as the PCP said, this does not preclude that, in the face of a new political and institutional framework, the CFP does not spare efforts, responding to the interests of workers and the people and honoring their commitments, work and struggle to answer it . That’s what serious and committed the PCP did.
According to the decisions of the Central Committee of 6 October which states that “both the pretensions of Cavaco Silva, whether those of Passos Coelho and Paulo Portas, will only be realized if the PS is willing to facilitate and to be supporting force a new government PSD / CDS-PP “and that in the framework of the Portuguese Constitution, the PS just no way government does not want, as well as the Declaration of 7 October, the PCP examined in recent weeks political solutions corresponding to situation.
The approach and mutual assessment between the PS and the PCP identified a number of matters where it is possible to ensure a convergent action to address some of the immediate problems of the workers and the Portuguese people. The real possibility is open to, among others, to take steps in return for wages and incomes, to replenish the pension supplement of the state of the business sector workers, to value wages and halt the continued degradation of pensions, to repay part of the benefits subject to the means test, to reset the holidays taken, to ensure better access to the rights to health and education, to reverse the concession and privatization processes of land transport companies.
However, the work also confirmed that convergence around a government and a government program, as recognized by both parties, includes a requirement level as the decisive choices of national policy are not met, taking into account the recognized and proven divergent view either on the external constraints and in terms of addressing the interests of big business.
The degree of convergence checked should be reflected in the degree of commitment that matches you. Enhancing the level of convergence, the Central Committee of the PCP reaffirms that are however created the conditions for, in the current circumstances, ensure governance solution that prevents PSD and CDS-PP pursue the country’s destruction policy and contribute to curb onerous aspects in meaning of reversing the path taken so far. There in the new parliamentary matters a majority of MPs constituting condition enough for the formation of a PS initiative of government, which allows the presentation of their program, their duties and the adoption of a policy to ensure a lasting solution in perspective the legislature.
Carry out an evaluation of the work done with the PS and checking the degree of achieved convergence and the level of commitment that you can match the Central Committee of the PCP confirmed the terms of the “Joint Position of PS and PCP on political solution” sent the PS and also been approved by the PS, will eventually have its formalization and public presentation. They are well met by the CFP the conditions to consummate the defeat of the government PSD / CDS-PP and enable the formation of a government of the PS initiative.
Nothing can evade that exists in Parliament an institutional base that will go as far as is the willingness of each political force that makes up to support the way of replacement wages and income, the return of rights, access to health strengthening , education and social security, in supporting micro, small and medium enterprises, pensioners, young people and that can enable the implementation of a set of measures and solutions that address immediate interests of workers and the people.
It is this objective that the workers and the people, democrats and patriots, as all want to ensure the right to a Portugal with a future will continue to take in hand with its intervention and their struggle.
III
In the current situation deserves particular attention, following a more than two-year struggle that, resisting the interference of the government PSD / CDS-PP, secured the fixing of 35 hours of work in most local authorities, now recognized by the decision the Constitutional Court and with the publication of the Collective Agreements Entity Public Employer (ACEEP). A great victory for workers pointing to the possibility of replenishment of 35 hours of work for all workers in public administration. They are still to highlight the achievements of the struggle of teachers for the purpose of evaluation test of knowledge and skills, as well as the progress made in the fight developed in various sectors and companies.
The development of vindictive action and struggle of workers and peoples, and the strengthening of organizations and unit mass movements is a task of utmost importance. In time near is particularly important concentration convened by the CGTP-IN for the next day November 10, next to the Parliament, in order to consummate the coalition’s defeat PSD / CDS-PP, complaining answers to the demands of the workers and affirm the need a policy that promotes economic development to workers’ service, the people and the country.
Fulfilling the commitment to workers and the people, the PCP has submitted to the Parliament a set of legislative initiatives for the recovery of cut rights and the reversal of steps taken by PSD / CDS-PP.
The first set of initiatives – proposing the replacement of the 35-hour working week in the Public Administration, the replacement of holidays taken, replacement of the payment of pension supplements in the State Business Sector companies and the repeal of coercive measures and conditioning on women access to abortion – followed by those relating to the cancellation and reversal of mergers, restructuring and sub-granting companies Carris and Lisbon Metro, the privatization of EGF and CP-load, the merger of REFER to the Estradas de Portugal, as well as the sub STCP and Metro do Porto. The initiative in the National Assembly will continue, reflecting the combined commitments of the CFP with the workers and the Portuguese people.
The applications framework already now known and the development of pre-campaign confirms the correctness of PCP’s decision to present the candidacy of Edgar Silva, proves the distinct nature and positioning of this, and clearly shows its essential and irreplaceable role in this political battle .
An application that since its announcement, collecting a growing current support and revealing a significant participation and enlargement, says a sense of confidence in the possibilities of the country and in the strength and capabilities of the people to build another direction in national politics.
The Central Committee calls on the mobilization of the whole Party to the achievement of the necessary tasks related to the presidential elections, as well as the intensification of contact action and enlightenment, a framework in which each support is the best contribution to a strong vote in Application Edgar Silva. A truly coherent and combative application, committed to the interests of workers and the people, linked to the values of April and the Constitution of the Republic, an application that does not give up Portugal and hit by a developed country, fair and sovereign.
IV
The current situation demonstrates the role and initiative of the Portuguese Communist Party, its unwavering commitment to the workers and the inseparable people of his communist identity, the need for its strengthening, the articulation of immediate intervention with the struggle for a patriotic alternative left, for an advanced democracy, socialism and communism.
14 Saturday Nov 2015
Posted in BJP, Current Affairs
The Wembley extravaganza provided rich fodder for social media humourists.
Source: ‘Modi might get invitation to perform at Academy awards’: Twitter trolls Modi for his rockstar turn